Build finance needs to match the progress of the build.建筑贷款需要匹配工程进度。

Construction loan drawdown: how progress payments work

建筑贷款提款：进度款如何运作

A construction loan releases funds in stages rather than as one lump sum. Each drawdown matches a defined stage of the build and the lender's approved payment schedule.

建筑贷款不是一次性放款，而是按照施工阶段分批提款。每次提款都对应一个明确的施工节点和贷款机构批准的付款计划。

For a typical residential build, stages may include the slab or foundation, framing, roof and waterproofing, internal lining and joinery, and final completion or code compliance. The amount released at each stage depends on the contract and the lender's assessment.

典型住宅项目的节点可能包括楼板或地基、框架、屋顶和防水、内衬与木作，以及最终完工或取得合规证书。每个阶段的提款金额要看合同和贷款机构的评估。

Before releasing funds, the lender usually requires a progress inspection by an independent valuer or its own inspector. Payment may go directly to the builder or into the loan account. Interest is charged on the amount drawn, so it starts lower and rises as construction progresses.

放款前，贷款机构通常会安排独立估价师或自己的检查员进行进度检查。款项可能直接支付给建筑商，也可能进入贷款账户。利息按已提款金额计算，所以前期较低，随着工程推进会增加。

Weather, material shortages and trade availability can delay a stage. Extensions may be possible, but interest continues. Many lenders expect a contingency of around 10% to 15% of the contract sum, although the requirement depends on the project and lender.

天气、材料短缺和工人安排都可能造成延误。贷款机构可能同意延长期限，但利息仍会继续产生。许多机构会要求预留约为合同金额 10% 到 15% 的预备金，实际标准取决于项目和贷款机构。

Allow time for the inspection and payment process. Some drawdowns take five to ten business days, so submit the request before the next trade is due to start.

请为检查和付款预留时间。有些提款从申请到付款需要五到十个工作日，最好在下一道工序进场前提交申请。

Cost overruns: what to plan for before starting

成本超支：开工前应先规划什么

A cost overrun occurs when the final building cost is higher than the approved budget. Common causes include poor ground conditions, owner-requested variations, material price changes and delays that create extra project-management or holding costs.

成本超支是指最终建筑成本高于获批预算。常见原因包括地基条件不理想、业主在施工中提出变更、材料价格变化，以及延误带来的额外项目管理费或持有成本。

For a standard residential build, a contingency of around 10% to 15% of the contract sum is often used. Projects with more unknowns, such as steep sites, heritage buildings or multi-unit work, may need 15% to 20%. Lenders often expect this buffer to come from the borrower's equity.

标准住宅项目通常会按合同金额的约 10% 到 15% 预留预备金。陡峭地块、历史建筑或多单元项目等不确定性较高的工程，可能需要 15% 到 20%。贷款机构往往希望这笔缓冲资金来自借款人自己的净值。

If the contingency runs out, the borrower may need to contribute cash, seek a lender-approved supplementary facility or pause the work. A mid-project funding gap is difficult to solve, so it is better to identify the risk before signing the contract.

如果预备金用完，借款人可能需要追加现金、申请贷款机构批准的补充额度，或暂停施工。项目进行到一半才出现资金缺口会很难处理，因此最好在签约前把风险看清。

A fixed-price contract for the main structural and finishing work can reduce surprises, although the exclusions still need to be checked. For cost-plus or provisional-sum work, budget above the builder's estimate rather than treating it as a final price.

主要结构和装修工程尽量采用固定价格合同，可以减少意外，但仍要核对不包含的项目。成本加成或暂定金额合同不能当作最终价格，预算应高于建筑商的估算。

A quantity surveyor's report can provide an independent view of the likely cost. Some lenders require one for projects above a certain value, and it can expose gaps in the builder's quote before the application is submitted.

在申请前取得工料测量师报告，可以增加一个独立的成本判断。部分贷款机构会要求达到一定金额的项目提供该报告，它也能帮助您在提交申请前发现报价中的遗漏。

Building contract types and their impact on finance

建筑合同类型如何影响融资

The building contract affects your legal obligations and the way a lender assesses the construction loan. It can influence the approved amount, drawdown schedule, contingency and other conditions.

建筑合同会影响您的法律责任，也会影响贷款机构如何评估建筑贷款。它可能改变获批金额、提款计划、预备金要求和其他贷款条件。

Under a fixed-price contract, the builder agrees to complete a defined scope for a set price. Lenders often prefer this because the total cost is easier to assess. Check whether kitchen joinery, flooring, landscaping and other provisional items are actually included.

固定价格合同约定建筑商以固定价格完成明确的工程范围。贷款机构通常更容易评估这类合同，因为总成本相对清楚。但厨房木作、地板、景观等暂定项目是否包含在内，仍要逐项确认。

A cost-plus contract charges actual labour and materials plus the builder's margin. Because the final cost is uncertain, some lenders will not accept it. Others may require a detailed estimate, a 20% to 25% contingency, tighter drawdown rules or a lower lending limit.

成本加成合同按实际人工和材料费用，再加上建筑商利润收费。由于最终成本不确定，部分贷款机构不会接受，另一些机构可能要求详细估算、20% 到 25% 的预备金、更严格的提款规则或更低的贷款比例。

A rise-and-fall clause allows the price to change with specified cost movements, so lenders may assess it more cautiously than a pure fixed-price contract. A design-and-build contract can give one party responsibility for both design and construction, but the scope and specifications still need to be detailed enough to support the price.

涨跌条款允许合同价格按指定成本变化调整，因此贷款机构可能会比纯固定价格合同更谨慎。设计与施工总包合同由同一方负责设计和施工，但工程范围和规格仍要足够清楚，才能支持报价。

Before signing, ask the lender which contract forms it accepts and what conditions apply. A form such as NZS 3910 or a standard Master Builders contract may be familiar to the lender, but acceptance still depends on the project.

签合同前，先询问贷款机构接受哪些合同格式以及附带什么条件。NZS 3910 或标准 Master Builders 合同可能是贷款机构熟悉的格式，但最终仍要看具体项目。

Often through progress payments as stages are completed, subject to lender and valuation requirements.

通常按工程阶段进度放款，具体取决于贷款机构和估值要求。

Many lenders prefer clearer contract certainty. Other structures may need more evidence or buffer.

很多贷款机构偏好更确定的合同。其他结构可能需要更多证明或缓冲。

You may need contingency, extra equity, or a revised plan. It is better to plan for this early.

可能需要预备金、额外净值或修订计划。最好提前规划。

Before committing too far into contract and timing decisions, especially if finance is essential.

如果贷款是关键，最好在合同和时间安排锁定太深前申请或评估。